ISO 14289-1:2014 · Validation profile

PDF/UA-1 validation rules.

Complete set of machine-checkable rules derived from the veraPDF validation profile for PDF/UA-1. Each rule maps to a specific clause of ISO 14289-1:2014 and defines the object type, the requirement, and the error message veraPDF emits on failure.

106: Total rules
32: ISO clauses
54: Object types

Each rule below specifies a structural or metadata constraint that a PDF/UA-1 conforming file must satisfy. Rule IDs match the veraPDF canonical numbering so cross-referencing validator output is direct. Scroll through to explore every check; or jump to the engine architecture to see how each rule maps to a pipeline stage.

32 clauses · click any header to expand the rules

§ 5 — PDF/UA identification

5 rules

+ −

RULE 5-1

MainXMPPackage

The PDF/UA version and conformance level of a file shall be specified using the PDF/UA Identification extension schema.

Error

The document metadata stream doesn't contain PDF/UA Identification Schema.

RULE 5-2

PDFUAIdentification

The value of 'pdfuaid:part' shall be the part number of the International Standard to which the file conforms.

Error

The 'part' property of the PDF/UA Identification Schema is not 1 for PDF/UA-1 conforming file.

RULE 5-3

PDFUAIdentification

Property 'part' of the PDF/UA Identification Schema shall have namespace prefix 'pdfuaid'.

Error

Property 'part' of the PDF/UA Identification Schema has an invalid namespace prefix.

RULE 5-4

PDFUAIdentification

Property 'amd' of the PDF/UA Identification Schema shall have namespace prefix 'pdfuaid'.

Error

Property 'amd' of the PDF/UA Identification Schema has an invalid namespace prefix.

RULE 5-5

PDFUAIdentification

Property 'corr' of the PDF/UA Identification Schema shall have namespace prefix 'pdfuaid'.

Error

Property 'corr' of the PDF/UA Identification Schema has an invalid namespace prefix.

§ 6.1 — File header

1 rule

+ −

RULE 6.1-1

CosDocument

The file header shall consist of '%PDF-1.n' followed by a single EOL marker, where 'n' is a single digit number between 0 and 7.

Error

A file header does not match the pattern %PDF-1.n, where 'n' is a single digit number between 0 and 7.

§ 6.2 — Document catalog

1 rule

+ −

RULE 6.2-1

CosDocument

The document catalog dictionary shall include a MarkInfo dictionary containing an entry, Marked, whose value shall be true.

Error

MarkInfo dictionary is not present in the document catalog, or Marked entry is set to false or is not present in the MarkInfo dictionary.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.7.1

§ 7.1 — General requirements

12 rules

+ −

RULE 7.1-1

SEMarkedContent

Content marked as Artifact should not be present inside tagged content.

Error

Content marked as Artifact is present inside tagged content.

RULE 7.1-2

SEMarkedContent

Tagged content should not be present inside content marked as Artifact.

Error

Tagged content is present inside content marked as Artifact.

RULE 7.1-3

SESimpleContentItem

Content shall be marked as Artifact or tagged as real content.

Error

Content is neither marked as Artifact nor tagged as real content.

RULE 7.1-4

CosDocument

Files shall have a Suspects value of false.

Error

Suspects entry has a value of true.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.7.1

RULE 7.1-5

SENonStandard

All non-standard structure types shall be mapped to the nearest functionally equivalent standard type in the role map dictionary of the structure tree root.

Error

Non-standard structure type is not mapped to a standard type.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4

RULE 7.1-6

PDStructElem

A circular mapping shall not exist.

Error

A circular mapping exists.

RULE 7.1-7

PDStructElem

Standard tags defined in ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4, shall not be remapped.

Error

Standard type is remapped.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4

RULE 7.1-8

PDDocument

The Catalog dictionary of a conforming file shall contain the Metadata key whose value is a metadata stream. The metadata stream dictionary shall contain entry Type with value /Metadata and entry Subtype with value /XML.

Error

The document catalog dictionary doesn't contain metadata key or metadata stream dictionary does not contain either entry Type with value /Metadata or entry Subtype with value /XML.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.3.2

RULE 7.1-9

MainXMPPackage

The Metadata stream in the document's catalog dictionary shall contain a title entry.

Error

Metadata stream does not contain title.

RULE 7.1-10

CosDocument

The document catalog dictionary shall include a ViewerPreferences dictionary containing a DisplayDocTitle key, whose value shall be true.

Error

ViewerPreferences dictionary is not present in the document Catalog, or DisplayDocTitle key is set to false or is not present in the ViewerPreferences dictionary.

RULE 7.1-11

PDDocument

The logical structure of the conforming file shall be described by a structure hierarchy rooted in the StructTreeRoot entry of the document's Catalog dictionary.

Error

StructTreeRoot entry is not present in the document catalog.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.7

RULE 7.1-12

PDStructElem

A structure element dictionary shall contain the P (parent) entry.

Error

A structure element dictionary does not contain the P (parent) entry.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.7.2, Table 355

§ 7.2 — Structure & language

41 rules

+ −

RULE 7.2-2

PDOutline

Natural language in the Outline entries shall be determined.

Error

Natural language in the Outline entries cannot be determined.

RULE 7.2-3

SETable

Table element may contain only TR, THead, TBody, TFoot and Caption elements.

Error

Table element contains element(s) different from TR, THead, TBody, TFoot or Caption.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.4

RULE 7.2-4

SETR

TR element should be contained in Table, THead, TBody or TFoot element.

Error

TR element not contained in Table, THead, TBody and TFoot element.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.4

RULE 7.2-5

SETHead

THead element should be contained in Table element.

Error

THead element not contained in Table element.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.4

RULE 7.2-6

SETBody

TBody element should be contained in Table element.

Error

TBody element not contained in Table element.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.4

RULE 7.2-7

SETFoot

TFoot element should be contained in Table element.

Error

TFoot element not contained in Table element.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.4

RULE 7.2-8

SETH

TH element should be contained in TR element.

Error

TH element not contained in TR element.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.4

RULE 7.2-9

SETD

TD element should be contained in TR element.

Error

TD element not contained in TR element.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.4

RULE 7.2-10

SETR

TR element may contain only TH and TD elements.

Error

TR element contains not a TH or TD elements.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.4

RULE 7.2-11

SETable

Table element should contain zero or one THead kid.

Error

Table element contains more than one THead kid.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.4

RULE 7.2-12

SETable

Table element should contain zero or one TFoot kid.

Error

Table element contains more than one TFoot kid.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.4

RULE 7.2-13

SETable

If Table element contains TFoot kid, Table element should contain one or more TBody kids.

Error

Table element contains TFoot kid, but does not contain TBody kids.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.4

RULE 7.2-14

SETable

If Table element contains THead kid, Table element should contain one or more TBody kids.

Error

Table element contains THead kid, but does not contain TBody kids.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.4

RULE 7.2-15

SETableCell

A table cell shall not have intersection with other cells.

Error

Table cell has intersection with other cells.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.4

RULE 7.2-16

SETable

Table element may contain a Caption element as its first or last kid.

Error

Table element contains Caption not as its first or last child.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.4

RULE 7.2-17

SELI

LI element should be contained in L element.

Error

LI element not contained in L element.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.3

RULE 7.2-18

SELBody

LBody element should be contained in LI element.

Error

LBody element not contained in LI element.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.3

RULE 7.2-19

SEL

L element may contain only L, LI and Caption elements.

Error

L element contains element(s) different from L, LI or Caption.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.3

RULE 7.2-20

SELI

LI element may contain only Lbl and LBody elements.

Error

LI element contains not a Lbl or LBody elements.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.3

RULE 7.2-21

PDStructElem

Natural language for text in ActualText attribute shall be determined.

Error

Natural language for text in ActualText attribute cannot be determined.

RULE 7.2-22

PDStructElem

Natural language for text in Alt attribute shall be determined.

Error

Natural language for text in Alt attribute cannot be determined.

RULE 7.2-23

PDStructElem

Natural language for text in E attribute shall be determined.

Error

Natural language for text in E attribute cannot be determined.

RULE 7.2-24

PDAnnot

Natural language in the Contents entry for annotations shall be determined.

Error

Natural language in the Contents entry for annotations cannot be determined.

RULE 7.2-25

PDFormField

Natural language in the TU key for form fields shall be determined.

Error

Natural language in the TU key for form fields cannot be determined.

RULE 7.2-26

SETOCI

TOCI element should be contained in TOC element.

Error

TOCI element not contained in TOC element.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.2

RULE 7.2-27

SETOC

TOC element may contain only TOC, TOCI and Caption elements.

Error

TOC element contains element(s) different from TOC, TOCI or Caption.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.2

RULE 7.2-28

SETOC

TOC element may contain a Caption element only as its first kid.

Error

TOC element contains Caption child not as its first one.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.2

RULE 7.2-29

CosLang

If the Lang entry is present, its value shall be a language identifier as described in ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.9.2 (Language-Tag per RFC 3066).

Error

Value of the Lang entry is not a Language-Tag.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.9.2, RFC 3066, 2.1

RULE 7.2-30

SEMarkedContent

Natural language for text in ActualText attribute in Span Marked Content shall be determined.

Error

Natural language for text in ActualText attribute in Span Marked Content cannot be determined.

RULE 7.2-31

SEMarkedContent

Natural language for text in Alt attribute in Span Marked Content shall be determined.

Error

Natural language for text in Alt attribute in Span Marked Content cannot be determined.

RULE 7.2-32

SEMarkedContent

Natural language for text in E attribute in Span Marked Content shall be determined.

Error

Natural language for text in E attribute in Span Marked Content cannot be determined.

RULE 7.2-33

XMPLangAlt

Natural language for document metadata shall be determined.

Error

Natural language for document metadata cannot be determined.

RULE 7.2-34

SETextItem

Natural language for text in page content shall be determined.

Error

Natural language for text in page content cannot be determined.

RULE 7.2-36

SETHead

THead element may contain only TR elements.

Error

THead element contains not a TR elements.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.4

RULE 7.2-37

SETBody

TBody element may contain only TR elements.

Error

TBody element contains not a TR elements.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.4

RULE 7.2-38

SETFoot

TFoot element may contain only TR elements.

Error

TFoot element contains not a TR elements.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.4

RULE 7.2-39

SETable

Table element may contain only one Caption element.

Error

Table element contains several Caption elements instead of one.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.4

RULE 7.2-40

SEL

L element may contain a Caption element only as its first kid.

Error

L element contains Caption child not as its first one.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.2

RULE 7.2-41

SETable

Table columns shall have the same number of rows (taking into account row spans).

Error

Some table columns span different number of rows.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.4

RULE 7.2-42

SETable

Table rows shall have the same number of columns (taking into account column spans).

Error

Some table rows span different number of columns.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.4

RULE 7.2-43

SETable

Table rows shall have the same number of columns (taking into account column spans).

Error

Some table rows span different number of columns.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.4

§ 7.3 — Graphics

1 rule

+ −

RULE 7.3-1

SEFigure

Figure tags shall include an alternative representation or replacement text that represents the contents marked with the Figure tag.

Error

Figure structure element neither has an alternate description nor a replacement text.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.7.2

§ 7.4.2 — Heading levels

1 rule

+ −

RULE 7.4.2-1

SEHn

For non-strongly-structured documents, heading tags shall be used with H1 first, descending sequences shall proceed in strict numerical order without skipping levels.

Error

A heading level is skipped in a descending sequence of header levels.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.3.5

§ 7.4.4 — Strong vs weak headings

3 rules

+ −

RULE 7.4.4-1

PDStructElem

Each node in the tag tree shall contain at most one child H tag.

Error

A node contains more than one H tag.

RULE 7.4.4-2

SEH

All documents shall be either strongly or weakly structured, but not both.

Error

Document uses both H and H# tags.

RULE 7.4.4-3

SEHn

All documents shall be either strongly or weakly structured, but not both.

Error

Document uses both H and H# tags.

§ 7.5 — Table headers

2 rules

+ −

RULE 7.5-1

SETD

If the table's structure is not determinable via Headers and IDs, then structure elements of type TH shall have a Scope attribute.

Error

TD does not contain Headers attribute, and Headers for this table cell can not be determined via algorithm from ISO 32000-2, 14.8.4.8.3.

Ref: ISO 32000-2, 14.8.4.8.3

RULE 7.5-2

SETD

If the table's structure is not determinable via Headers and IDs, then structure elements of type TH shall have a Scope attribute.

Error

TD references undefined Header(s), and Headers for this table cell can not be determined via algorithm from ISO 32000-2, 14.8.4.8.3.

Ref: ISO 32000-2, 14.8.4.8.3

§ 7.7 — Mathematical formulas

1 rule

+ −

RULE 7.7-1

SEFormula

All mathematical expressions shall be enclosed within a Formula tag and shall have Alt or ActualText attributes.

Error

Formula structure element neither has an alternate description nor a replacement text.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.5

§ 7.9 — Notes

2 rules

+ −

RULE 7.9-1

SENote

Note tag shall have ID entry.

Error

ID key of the Note tag is not present.

RULE 7.9-2

SENote

Each Note tag shall have unique ID key.

Error

ID key of the Note tag is non-unique.

§ 7.10 — Optional content

2 rules

+ −

RULE 7.10-1

PDOCConfig

Each optional content configuration dictionary that forms the value of the D key, or an element in the Configs array, shall contain the Name key.

Error

Missing or empty Name entry of the optional content configuration dictionary.

RULE 7.10-2

PDOCConfig

The AS key shall not appear in any optional content configuration dictionary.

Error

AS key is present in the optional content configuration dictionary.

§ 7.11 — Embedded files

1 rule

+ −

RULE 7.11-1

CosFileSpecification

The file specification dictionary for an embedded file shall contain the non-empty F and UF keys.

Error

The file specification dictionary for an embedded file does not contain either F or EF key or at least one of the keys is empty.

§ 7.15 — XFA forms

1 rule

+ −

RULE 7.15-1

PDAcroForm

Dynamic XFA forms shall not be used.

Error

Dynamic XFA forms is present.

§ 7.16 — Encryption

1 rule

+ −

RULE 7.16-1

PDEncryption

An encrypted conforming file shall contain a P key in its encryption dictionary and the 10th bit position of the P key shall be true.

Error

The file is encrypted but does not contain a P entry in its encryption dictionary, or the 10th bit position of the P entry is false.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 7.6.3.2

§ 7.18.1 — Annotation general

3 rules

+ −

RULE 7.18.1-1

PDAnnot

An annotation, excluding annotations of subtype Widget, PrinterMark or Link, shall be nested within an Annot tag.

Error

An annotation, excluding annotations of subtype Widget, PrinterMark or Link, is an Artifact or is not nested within an Annot tag.

RULE 7.18.1-2

PDAnnot

An annotation (except Widget or hidden annotations, or those outside the crop-box) shall have either Contents key or an Alt entry in the enclosing structure element.

Error

An annotation whose hidden flag is not set and whose rectangle is not outside the crop-box has neither Contents key nor an Alt entry in the enclosing structure element.

RULE 7.18.1-3

PDWidgetAnnot

A form field shall have a TU key present or all its Widget annotations shall have alternative descriptions (Alt entry in the enclosing structure elements).

Error

A form field neither has TU key nor its Widget annotations have alternative descriptions.

§ 7.18.2 — TrapNet annotations

1 rule

+ −

RULE 7.18.2-1

PDTrapNetAnnot

Annotations of subtype TrapNet shall not be permitted.

Error

An annotation of subtype TrapNet exists.

§ 7.18.3 — Annotation tab order

1 rule

+ −

RULE 7.18.3-1

PDPage

Every page on which there is an annotation shall contain in its page dictionary the key Tabs, and its value shall be S.

Error

A page with annotation(s) does not contain a Tabs key or has a Tabs key with a value other than S.

§ 7.18.4 — Widget annotations

2 rules

+ −

RULE 7.18.4-1

PDWidgetAnnot

A Widget annotation shall be nested within a Form tag.

Error

A widget annotation is an Artifact or is not nested within a Form tag.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.5

RULE 7.18.4-2

SEForm

If the Form element omits a Role attribute, it shall have only one child: an object reference identifying the widget annotation.

Error

The Form element omits a Role attribute and doesn't have only one child identifying the widget annotation.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.5

§ 7.18.5 — Link annotations

2 rules

+ −

RULE 7.18.5-1

PDLinkAnnot

Links shall be tagged according to ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.4.2, Link Element.

Error

A link annotation is an Artifact or is not nested within a Link tag.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.4.4.2

RULE 7.18.5-2

PDLinkAnnot

Links shall contain an alternate description via their Contents key.

Error

A link annotation does not include an alternate description in the Contents Key.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.9.3

§ 7.18.6.2 — Media clips

2 rules

+ −

RULE 7.18.6.2-1

PDMediaClip

In the media clip data dictionary, the optional CT key is required.

Error

CT key is missing from the media clip data dictionary.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 13.2.4.2, Table 274

RULE 7.18.6.2-2

PDMediaClip

In the media clip data dictionary, the optional Alt key is required.

Error

Alt key is missing from the media clip data dictionary.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 13.2.4.2, Table 274

§ 7.18.8 — PrinterMark annotations

1 rule

+ −

RULE 7.18.8-1

PDPrinterMarkAnnot

PrinterMark annotations, if present, shall be considered Incidental Artifacts.

Error

A PrinterMark annotation is included in logical structure.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.8.2.2.3

§ 7.20 — XObjects

2 rules

+ −

RULE 7.20-1

PDXForm

A conforming file shall not contain any reference XObjects.

Error

The document contains a reference XObject (Ref key in the form XObject dictionary).

RULE 7.20-2

PDXForm

The content of Form XObjects shall be incorporated into structure elements.

Error

Form XObject contains MCIDs and is referenced more than once.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 14.7.2

§ 7.21.3.1 — Composite font compatibility

1 rule

+ −

RULE 7.21.3.1-1

PDType0Font

For composite (Type 0) fonts, the CIDSystemInfo entry in its CIDFont dictionary and its Encoding dictionary shall be compatible per the rules for Identity-H/V or matching Registry/Ordering/Supplement.

Error

CIDSystemInfo entries the CIDFont and CMap dictionaries of a Type 0 font are not compatible.

§ 7.21.3.2 — CIDFont CIDToGIDMap

1 rule

+ −

RULE 7.21.3.2-1

PDCIDFont

All embedded Type 2 CIDFonts shall contain a CIDToGIDMap entry that is a stream mapping from CIDs to glyph indices or the name Identity.

Error

A Type 2 CIDFont dictionary has missing or invalid CIDToGIDMap entry.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 9.7.4, Table 117

§ 7.21.3.3 — CMap embedding

3 rules

+ −

RULE 7.21.3.3-1

PDCMap

All CMaps used within a PDF/UA file, except those listed in ISO 32000-1:2008, 9.7.5.2, Table 118, shall be embedded.

Error

A non-standard CMap is not embedded.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 9.7.5.2, Table 118

RULE 7.21.3.3-2

CMapFile

For embedded CMaps, the WMode entry in the CMap dictionary shall be identical to the WMode value in the embedded CMap stream.

Error

WMode entry in the embedded CMap and in the CMap dictionary are not identical.

RULE 7.21.3.3-3

PDReferencedCMap

A CMap shall not reference any other CMap except those listed in ISO 32000-1:2008, 9.7.5.2, Table 118.

Error

A CMap references another non-standard CMap.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 9.7.5.2, Table 118

§ 7.21.4.1 — Font embedding

2 rules

+ −

RULE 7.21.4.1-1

PDFont

The font programs for all fonts used for rendering within a conforming file shall be embedded within that file.

Error

The font program is not embedded.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 9.9

RULE 7.21.4.1-2

Glyph

Embedded fonts shall define all glyphs referenced for rendering within the conforming file.

Error

Not all glyphs referenced for rendering are present in the embedded font program.

Ref: ISO 32000-1:2008, 9.6.6.4

§ 7.21.4.2 — Font subsets

2 rules

+ −

RULE 7.21.4.2-1

PDType1Font

If the FontDescriptor dictionary of an embedded Type 1 font contains a CharSet string, then it shall list the character names of all glyphs present in the font program.

Error

A CharSet entry in the Descriptor dictionary of a Type1 font incorrectly lists glyphs present in the font program.

RULE 7.21.4.2-2

PDCIDFont

If the FontDescriptor dictionary of an embedded CID font contains a CIDSet stream, then it shall identify all CIDs which are present in the font program.

Error

A CIDSet entry in the Font descriptor does not correctly identify all glyphs present in the embedded font subset.

§ 7.21.5 — Glyph widths

1 rule

+ −

RULE 7.21.5-1

Glyph

For every font embedded in a conforming file and used for rendering, the glyph width information in the font dictionary and in the embedded font program shall be consistent.

Error

Glyph width information in the embedded font program is not consistent with the Widths entry of the font dictionary.

§ 7.21.6 — TrueType fonts

4 rules

+ −

RULE 7.21.6-1

TrueTypeFontProgram

For all non-symbolic TrueType fonts used for rendering, the embedded TrueType font program shall contain one or several non-symbolic cmap entries.

Error

The embedded font program for a non-symbolic TrueType font does not contain non-symbolic cmap entries.

RULE 7.21.6-2

PDTrueTypeFont

All non-symbolic TrueType fonts shall have either MacRomanEncoding or WinAnsiEncoding as the Encoding value. Differences arrays shall only use glyph names from the Adobe Glyph List.

Error

A non-symbolic TrueType font encoding does not define a correct mapping to the Adobe Glyph List.

RULE 7.21.6-3

PDTrueTypeFont

Symbolic TrueType fonts shall not contain an Encoding entry in the font dictionary.

Error

A symbolic TrueType font specifies an Encoding entry in its dictionary.

RULE 7.21.6-4

TrueTypeFontProgram

The 'cmap' table in the embedded font program for a symbolic TrueType font shall contain either exactly one encoding or at least the Microsoft Symbol (3,0) encoding.

Error

The embedded font program for a symbolic TrueType font contains more than one cmap subtable.

§ 7.21.7 — Unicode mapping

2 rules

+ −

RULE 7.21.7-1

Glyph

The Font dictionary of all fonts shall define the map of all used character codes to Unicode values, either via a ToUnicode entry or other mechanisms as defined in ISO 14289-1, 7.21.7.

Error

The glyph can not be mapped to Unicode.

Ref: ISO 14289-1:2014, 7.21.7

RULE 7.21.7-2

Glyph

The Unicode values specified in the ToUnicode CMap shall all be greater than zero, but not equal to either U+FEFF or U+FFFE.

Error

The glyph has an invalid Unicode value, which is either 0, or is equal to U+FEFF or U+FFFE.

§ 7.21.8 — .notdef glyph

1 rule

+ −

RULE 7.21.8-1

Glyph

A PDF/UA compliant document shall not contain a reference to the .notdef glyph from any of the text showing operators, in any content stream.

Error

The document contains a reference to the .notdef glyph.

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source: veraPDF validation profiles — ISO 14289-1:2014 (PDF/UA-1).